Housing component for door latch assembly and method of making

ABSTRACT

A component for a vehicle latch assembly is provided, the component having: an electrical sub-system having a plurality of circuit paths each being electrically connected to a common ground, the electrical sub-system being molded into a pre-mold by a first molding process, the pre-mold comprising an encapsulation layer molded around the common ground and an at least one structural member secured to the encapsulation layer and at least one of the plurality of circuit paths, the structural member providing rigidity to the pre-mold; and a plurality of locating features extending from at least one of the encapsulation layer and the structural member.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/241,190 filed Sep. 10, 2010, the contents ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference thereto.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are directed to acomponent for a vehicle latch assembly and method of manufacture.

BACKGROUND

Most vehicles have a door latch assembly that is a combination of amechanical system and an electrical system. The primary function of themechanical system is to keep the vehicle door closed and locked whilealso providing a means for opening or unlocking the door. The primaryfunction of the electrical system in the latch is to provide a signal orsignals to a control unit or controller wherein the signals areindicative of any one of a number of various positional elements of thelatching system including but not limited to the vehicle's door positionand locking and latching status of the mechanical system. These signalsare provided by sensors or switches that are typically exposed tovarious environmental conditions and the historical performance suchsystems have exhibited a distinct need to function flawlessly in wetenvironments.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a door latch assembly with aplurality of sensors or switches that are not susceptible to thedeleterious effect of a wet environment.

SUMMARY

In one exemplary embodiment, a component for a vehicle latch assembly isprovided, the component having: an electrical sub-system having aplurality of circuit paths each being electrically connected to a commonground, the electrical sub-system being molded into a pre-mold by afirst molding process, the pre-mold comprising an encapsulation layermolded around the common ground and an at least one structural membersecured to the encapsulation layer and at least one of the plurality ofcircuit paths, the structural member providing rigidity to the pre-mold;and a plurality of locating features extending from at least one of theencapsulation layer and the structural member.

In another exemplary embodiment, a component for a vehicle latchassembly is provided, the component having an electrical sub-systemhaving a plurality of circuit paths each being electrically connected toa common ground, the electrical sub-system being molded into a pre-moldby a first molding process wherein the common ground is encapsulated byan insulating layer; and a housing component molded over the pre-mold bya second molding process.

In another exemplary embodiment, a method for forming a component of avehicle latch assembly is provided, the method including the steps ofplacing an electrical sub-system having a plurality of circuit pathseach being electrically connected to a common ground in a mold; moldingthe electrical sub-system into a pre-mold by a first molding processwherein the common ground is encapsulated by an insulating layer; andmolding a housing component over the pre-mold by a second moldingprocess.

The above described and other features are exemplified by the followingfigures and detailed description.

DRAWINGS

Referring now to the FIGS., wherein exemplary embodiments areillustrated and like elements are numbered alike:

FIGS. 1 and 2 are top and bottom views of a pre-mold of an electricalsub-assembly;

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a housing component molded over a pre-mold electricalsub-assembly or system; and

FIGS. 5-7 illustrate a pre-mold electrical sub-assembly or system inaccordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In one exemplary embodiment a component for a vehicle latch assembly isprovided, the component having an electrical sub-system having aplurality of circuit paths each being electrically connected to a commonground, the electrical sub-system being molded into a pre-mold by afirst molding process, the pre-mold comprising an encapsulation layermolded around the common ground and at least one structural membersecured to the encapsulation layer and at least one of the plurality ofcircuit paths, the structural member providing rigidity to the pre-mold;and a plurality of locating features extending from the encapsulationlayer and/or and the structural member.

It is the improvement of performance and reliability of this electricalsub-system that is the purpose of exemplary embodiments of thisinvention.

The latch assembly is comprised of many components, including componentsthat carry the sensors that provide input to the electrical system. Thiscan be the latch assembly, cover assembly, and or housing componentassembly (see FIGS. 1-4). The electrical sub-system consists of circuitpaths containing leads to switches, motors, and the terminal connectorbody. It is imperative that the individual circuits be isolated so as tonot allow for a short circuit when exposed to the environmentalconditions experienced by the vehicle into which the latch assembly isinstalled. The latch assembly must meet the product requirements indurability testing and, of course, in the field. Failure to properlyisolate the circuits will result in false signals to the vehicleresulting in driver dissatisfaction and potentially increased warrantycost.

These components are typically formed by a thermoplastic which may beused in an injection molding process such as a plastic injection moldingprocess or equivalents thereof. Of course, other equivalent materialsand molding processes are contemplated. An exemplary embodiment of thisinvention provides for the isolation of critical leads of the electricalsubsystem by an encapsulation process within the applicable componentincluding but not limited to the cover assembly and implemented duringthe molding process. The intent of this method and apparatus of thepresent invention is to seal the leads from the elements by a plasticmaterial during a first injection molding process. As discussed above afailure occurs when moisture enters and bridges a gap between thevarious electrical leads or circuit paths required to perform themultiple functions required. This bridgeable gap is eliminated byexemplary embodiments of the present invention.

A molded cover assembly or any other molded component with an electricalsub-system having a first pre-mold in accordance with an exemplaryembodiment of the present invention is made in a two step process. Firstthe electrical leads are placed in a first mold to create a pre-mold viaa plastic injection molding process or equivalent thereof. FIGS. 1 and 2as well as FIGS. 5-7 illustrate pre-molds of the electrical leads. Thepre-mold binds the leads together at strategic locations in order tomake the leads easier to handle for the subsequent operation. Moreover,the leads are configured for use in the latch assembly. This pre-mold isthen loaded into a second mold, which in one embodiment is a componentof a latch assembly although other components are considered to bewithin the scope of various embodiments of the present invention.

Plastic is then injected into the second mold and flows around thepre-mold and the final shape of the cover plate or component isrealized. At least FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a cover plate or componentformed by the second mold. Of course, other alternative configurationsof the cover plate as well as other components are considered to be withthe scope of the various embodiments of the present invention and thesame is not intended to be limited to the specific configurationsillustrated in the attached FIGS.

As discussed above, a failure of one of the electrical leads or circuitscan occur when moisture penetrates the encapsulation of the cover plateformed by the second mold and bridges a gap between two leads thuscreating a short circuit. Inherent with the two step method of moldingis the generation of boundaries between the pre-mold and the over-mold.These boundaries or interfaces between the first pre-mold and the secondmold are potential “leak points” for moisture to enter the encapsulationand subsequently create a short circuit.

Another potential leak point is at the interface created by the separatenon-integrally formed locating devices that are required to correctlyposition the pre-mold on the over-mold or second mold and also secure itduring the injection of plastic into the over-mold. Some of thesepotential leak points are illustrated by the dashed lines in FIG. 4 anddue to temperature gradients and thermal expansion, moisture has beenshown to enter the encapsulation and boundary locations.

Alternative options for preventing the aforementioned short circuitsexist however these options which include insulated wires, flexiblecircuits, and external coatings are not cost effective solutions.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an electrical system that canfunction in more severe environments without the use of theaforementioned cost prohibitive processes and/or items.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention take the approach ofprotecting the circuit from moisture intrusion with a significantdifference. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a ground circuitof the electrical subsystem of the pre-mold is encapsulated in a uniquepre-mold process potentially including multi-shot tools (See FIGS. 5-7)wherein an additional layer of protection is added via an over-mold. Thetheory behind exemplary embodiments of the present invention is that ifthe ground (common) is totally isolated thus, a short circuit cannotoccur regardless of the amount of moisture intrusion into the latchassembly.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5-7 a component 10 for a vehicle latch assemblyis provided. The component has an electrical sub-system 12 that has aplurality of circuit paths or conductors 14 each connected to a commonground 16. The electrical sub-system is molded into a pre-moldillustrated in FIGS. 5-7 by a first molding process. The first moldingprocess provides an encapsulation layer 18 that is completely moldedaround the common ground 16 except for an end portion 17, which may berequired to terminate with an electrical component coupled to thesub-system 12 outside of the sub-system or the latch assembly.Alternatively, the common ground including the end portion(s) 17 arecompletely encapsulated by the first molding process. Moreover, thefirst molding process isolates the common ground from the other circuitsor conductors 14 in a cost efficient manner.

The first molding process also provides at least one structural member20 to provide rigidity to the system. Of course, multiple structuralmembers 20 that are discretely located are also contemplated. In oneembodiment, the structural member is also secured to the encapsulationlayer and at least one of the plurality of circuit paths. Still further,a plurality of structural members may be located in various discretelocations about the sub-system.

In one exemplary embodiment, the thermoplastic material used for thefirst molding process of the pre-mold is a glass filled polypropylene.Of course, other suitable materials are contemplated for use inexemplary embodiments of the present invention. Once formed by the firstmolding process, the structural member provides rigidity to thepre-molded component.

For example and as illustrated in the attached FIGS., the at least onestructural member 20 is secured to each of the circuit paths orconductors however, the entire path exclusive of the common ground isnot encapsulated. Various configurations are also contemplated thestructural member surround the relative portion of the circuit paths orconductors 14 or may simply secured to the upper and lower portions ofthe circuit path or conductors 14.

Still further and in alternative exemplary embodiment, a plurality oflocating features 22 are integrally formed on the at least onestructural member 20 or members 20 and in some embodiments theencapsulation layer 18 that is formed by the first molding process, theplurality of locating features extend away from the encapsulation layerand the structural member.

In one embodiment, the plurality of locating features extend from boththe upper and lower surface of the structural members and/or theencapsulation layer of the common ground. The locating features areconfigured to locate the component or pre-mold in a tool or second mold23 wherein the component is encapsulated by a second molding processthat forms a housing component 24, such as a cover plate of a housing orany other portion of a housing around the component 10. The use of theintegrally molded locating features negates the need for separatelocating devices, as discussed above, that were required to correctlyposition the pre-mold in the second mold and secure it during theinjection of plastic in the second mold, which as mentioned above, mayprovide potential leak points at the interface created during theinjection molding process. As referred to herein the first moldingprocess and the second molding process are a plastic injection moldingprocess or equivalent thereof. Of course, other suitable moldingprocesses are considered to be within the scope of exemplary embodimentsof the present invention.

In accordance with various embodiments of the present invention, thelocating features may be integrally formed on anyone of the structuralmembers 20, the encapsulation layer 18 including either the upper orlower surfaces thereof or both the upper and lower surfaces thereof.

FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate an example of a housing component 24. In otherwords, the locating features position the pre-mold in a mold cavityprior to the application of the second molding process.

Other alternatives contemplate the plurality of locating featuresextending from only the upper or lower surface of the structuralmember(s) and/or the encapsulation layer or any combinations thereof.Still further, the plurality of locating features may comprise nub orprotrusion or any other equivalent feature that extends from a surfaceof the structural member(s) and/or the encapsulation layer in order tolocate the pre-mold into the mold used for the second molding process.

After the second molding process, terminals 26 electrically connected toat least one of the plurality of circuit paths extend from the housingcomponent. Terminals 26 are then electrically coupled to any one of aplurality of components 27 (e.g., switches, sensors, electricalharnesses, etc.) that are secured to the electrical sub system.

Although, a component 10 for a vehicle latch assembly is illustratedherein. It is, of course, understood that exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are considered to be applicable to any componenthaving an electrical sub-system 12 that has a plurality of circuit pathsor conductors 14 each connected to a common ground 16, wherein thecommon ground is encapsulated by a first molding process to form apre-mold and wherein the pre-mold is then subsequently inserted into asecond mold to form the component with a second molding process. Stillfurther and in alternative embodiments, the first molding process willprovide integrally formed locating features on the first pre-mold inorder to locate it with the mold or tool of the second molding process,which forms the component, which again can have any configuration anddoes not have to be specifically limited to housings for vehicle latchesalthough a housing component of a vehicle latch is one contemplatedembodiment.

While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplaryembodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art thatvarious changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted forelements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. Inaddition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situationor material to the teachings of the invention without departing from theessential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the inventionnot be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best modecontemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the inventionwill include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appendedclaims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A component for a vehicle latch assembly, thecomponent comprising: an electrical sub-system having a plurality ofcircuit paths each being electrically connected to a common ground, theelectrical sub-system being molded into a pre-mold by a first moldingprocess, the pre-mold comprising an encapsulation layer molded aroundthe common ground and an at least one structural member secured to theencapsulation layer and at least one of the plurality of circuit paths,the structural member providing rigidity to the pre-mold; and aplurality of locating features extending away from a surface of at leastone of the encapsulation layer and the structural member.
 2. Thecomponent as in claim 1, wherein the plurality of locating features areconfigured to locate the component in a tool wherein the component isencapsulated by a second molding process.
 3. The component as in claim1, wherein the second molding process forms a housing component aroundthe pre-mold and wherein the first molding process and the secondmolding process is a plastic injection molding process.
 4. The componentas in claim 3, wherein the electrical sub-system further comprises aterminal electrically connected to at least one of the plurality ofcircuit paths the terminal extending from the housing component.
 5. Thecomponent as in claim 1, wherein the plurality of circuit paths are notencapsulated by the encapsulation layer and the structural member onlypartially covers the at least one of the plurality of circuit paths. 6.The component as in claim 1, further comprising a plurality ofcomponents electrically coupled to the electrical sub-system.
 7. Acomponent for a vehicle latch assembly, the component comprising anelectrical sub-system having a plurality of circuit paths each beingelectrically connected to a common ground, the electrical sub-systembeing molded into a pre-mold by a first molding process wherein thecommon ground is encapsulated by an insulating layer; and a housingcomponent molded over the pre-mold by a second molding process, whereinthe pre-mold further comprises at least one structural member secured tothe insulating layer and at least one of the plurality of circuit paths,the structural member providing rigidity to the pre-mold and a pluralityof locating features extend from at least one of the insulating layerand the structural member and wherein the first molding process and thesecond molding process are plastic injection molding processes.
 8. Thecomponent as in claim 7, wherein the plurality of locating features areconfigured to locate the component in a tool wherein the component isencapsulated by the second molding process.
 9. The component as in claim7, wherein the electrical sub-system further comprises a terminalelectrically connected to at least one of the plurality of circuit pathsthe terminal extending from the housing component.
 10. The component asin claim 7, further comprising a plurality of components electricallycoupled to the electrical sub-system.
 11. A component for a vehiclelatch assembly, the component comprising: an electrical sub-systemhaving a plurality of circuit paths each being electrically connected toa common ground, the electrical sub-system being molded into a pre-moldby a first molding process wherein the common ground is encapsulated byan insulating layer; and a housing component molded over the pre-mold bya second molding process, wherein the pre-mold further comprises atleast one structural member secured to the insulating layer and at leastone of the plurality of circuit paths, the structural member providingrigidity to the pre-mold and wherein the plurality of circuit paths arenot encapsulated by the insulating layer and the structural member onlypartially covers the at least one of the plurality of circuit paths. 12.The component as in claim 11, wherein the electrical sub-system has atleast one terminal extending outwardly from the housing component. 13.The component as in claim 11, further comprising a plurality ofcomponents electrically coupled to the electrical sub-system.
 14. Thecomponent as in claim 11, further comprising a plurality of locatingfeatures extend from at least one of the insulating layer and thestructural member and wherein the first molding process and the secondmolding process are plastic injection molding processes.
 15. Thecomponent as in claim 14, wherein the plurality of locating features areconfigured to locate the component in a tool wherein the component isencapsulated by the second molding process.
 16. The component as inclaim 11, wherein the electrical sub-system further comprises a terminalelectrically connected to at least one of the plurality of circuit pathsthe terminal extending from the housing component.